1. Identify the source of the PostgreSQL 23503 error:

SELECT * FROM pg_stat_activity;

2. Check the query that is causing the error:

SELECT query FROM pg_stat_activity WHERE pid = ;

3. Check the table and column names in the query to ensure they are valid:

SELECT * FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_name = ;SELECT * FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name =  AND column_name = ;

4. Check the permissions of the user running the query:

SELECT * FROM pg_roles WHERE rolname = ;

5. If the user does not have the necessary permissions, grant them the necessary privileges:

GRANT SELECT ON  TO ;

6. If the query is still failing, check the system logs for more information:

tail -f /var/log/postgresql/postgresql-.log

7. Finally, use an automated database observability tool to monitor and fix PostgreSQL 23503 errors. Automated database observability tools can provide real-time visibility into the performance and health of your database, allowing you to quickly identify and fix any issues that arise. They can also provide detailed insights into query performance, allowing you to optimize your queries and ensure they are running as efficiently as possible.